Opening VBA editor corrupts files

A weird issue has been plaguing my collegues and me for two weeks.

We are currently heavily relying on macros in many Excel files. For two weeks we have had the following issue: Upon opening the VBA editor via the developer tools in one Excel file, we can't open other Excel files. When we restart Excel by stopping the process, we can open the other files again, but we can't open the file we opened VBA in in the first place!

What do I mean when I write the file can't be opened?

Well, a message pops up that says that there are problems with contents of the file and that it has to be repaired. Some files can be repaired that way, some can't because they are apparently corrupt. When the files are repaired, most formulas don't work anymore (#NAME error) or are replaced by their value they had before the issue. I've added the repair logs from one of our more complex files as an example below. This happens with every file, no matter their size or complexity.

Has anyone encountered a similar issue? This is driving us insane.

We currently use the MacOS version of Excel (Version 16.106.2), the German localization.

The repair logs show the following:

Removed Feature: Conditional formatting from /xl/worksheets/sheet4.xml part

Removed Feature: Conditional formatting from /xl/worksheets/sheet1.xml part

Removed Feature: Conditional formatting from /xl/worksheets/sheet2.xml part

Removed Feature: Conditional formatting from /xl/worksheets/sheet8.xml part

Removed Feature: Conditional formatting from /xl/worksheets/sheet9.xml part

Removed Feature: Conditional formatting from /xl/worksheets/sheet14.xml part

Removed Feature: Conditional formatting from /xl/worksheets/sheet15.xml part

Removed Feature: Conditional formatting from /xl/worksheets/sheet16.xml part

Removed Feature: Conditional formatting from /xl/worksheets/sheet18.xml part

Removed Feature: Conditional formatting from /xl/worksheets/sheet19.xml part

Removed Records: Formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet4.xml part

Removed Records: Formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet1.xml part

Removed Records: Formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet7.xml part

Removed Records: Formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet8.xml part

Removed Records: Formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet9.xml part

Removed Records: Table from /xl/tables/table2.xml part (Table)

Removed Records: Formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet10.xml part

Removed Records: Shared formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet10.xml part

Removed Records: Table from /xl/tables/table3.xml part (Table)

Removed Records: Formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet11.xml part

Removed Records: Formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet12.xml part

Removed Records: Formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet13.xml part

Removed Records: Formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet14.xml part

Removed Records: Shared formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet14.xml part

Removed Records: Formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet15.xml part

Removed Records: Formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet16.xml part

Removed Records: Shared formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet16.xml part

Removed Records: Formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet18.xml part

Removed Records: Formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet19.xml part

Removed Records: Shared formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet19.xml part

Removed Records: Formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet20.xml part

Removed Records: Shared formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet20.xml part

Removed Records: Formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet24.xml part

Removed Records: Table from /xl/tables/table23.xml part (Table)

Removed Records: Formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet25.xml part

Removed Records: Table from /xl/tables/table24.xml part (Table)

Removed Records: Formula from /xl/worksheets/sheet38.xml part

Removed Records: Table from /xl/tables/table37.xml part (Table)

Removed Records: Formula from /xl/calcChain.xml part (Calculation properties)