Analysis on transfer pricing of sea area use rights based on market equilibrium theory

The marketization of sea area use rights is a critical mechanism for optimizing marine resource allocation efficiency and achieving the high-quality development of marine economy. Combining the natural attributes of marine resources with policy constraints, this study establishes a supply–demand theoretical model for sea area use rights transfer within the market equilibrium theory framework. Through model solving and equilibrium analysis, it elucidates the core factors influencing stakeholders’ willingness, and investigates the mechanism through which market forces affect the equilibrium transaction volume, price, and economic efficiency. The numerical simulation results evidence the effectiveness and feasibility of the theoretical model. The study finds that: (1) The market forces significantly shapes the sea area transfer equilibrium. Compared with competitive market, a monopoly will lead to a decrease in the equilibrium trading volume and price, and lower economic efficiency. (2) Consistency of the impact of exogenous factors on the market equilibrium. Given other factors, exogenous factors affect stakeholders’ willingness on equilibrium trading volume and price uniformly in competitive and monopolistic markets. This study develops an integrated equilibrium framework for sea area use rights transfer, incorporating micro-entity heterogeneity into the theoretical structure. It bridges general equilibrium theory with the specific institutional domain of sea area use rights transfer, extends the application boundary of equilibrium economics within marine resource management, and provides a new perspective for marine resource allocation research.